Baitarani River
Baitarani River, a significant east-flowing river in peninsular India, plays a crucial role in the agricultural landscape of Odisha. Originating in the Gonasika hills, its unique underground flow adds to its uniqueness.
Geographical Features:
- Source and Initial Course:
- Begins in Gonasika hills, resembling a cow’s nostril.
- Flows underground for about half a kilometer.
- Regional Significance:
- Known as Guptaganga or Gupta Baitarani in Odisha.
- Serves as a border between Odisha and Jharkhand.
- Tributaries:
- Budhi, Kanjori, Ambajhara, Mushal, Kusei, and Salandi.
- Flow and Direction:
- Travels north for 80 km before a sharp right turn near Champua.
- Joins Brahmani in the deltaic area after a southeast flow.
Challenges and Developments:
- Meandering Flow:
- Turbulent meandering channels causing eddy currents and flooding.
- Dams and barrages irrigate 61,920 hectares, with more projects planned.
- River Basin Dynamics:
- Majority in Odisha, with a small part in Jharkhand.
- Upper basin prone to flooding, impacting industrial and agricultural activities.
- Industrial Impact:
- Abundant resources attract industrial and mining activities.
- Development contributes to water quality deterioration.